RESEARCH CAREERS
View the Solar Career Map below to learn more about job opportunities in the solar industry, and help you find a career that fits your interests. Understanding your future goals will help guide you into your correct training path!
GET CAREER COUNSELING
Contact an SEI Career Counselor at 970-527-7657 x1 to secure your position in the Solar Ready Colorado training program today! Your Counselor will guide you through your training options and assist you in the enrollment process.
GET TRAINING
View the SEI Training Schedule and join a Solar Professionals Certificate Program in Residential and Commercial Systems, Battery-based Systems, Solar Business and Technical Sales, or Renewable Energy Applications.
CONNECT WITH EMPLOYERS
Once you have received the industry’s most rigorous training – start your career by connecting with Solar Ready Colorado employer network! View current job listings on our job board or join us for the Solar Ready Colorado Career Fair.
OUTREACH, RECRUITING & TRAINING
Solar Ready Colorado is a statewide effort through Solar Energy International and industry partners to expand the activities of outreach, recruiting, and training to the rapidly growing Colorado solar industry and jobs market.
Through industry partnerships and support from the Colorado Department of Labor and Employment, the program provides a dedicated outreach and recruitment effort as well as technical training through Solar Energy International’s (SEI) long running, non-profit 501(c)(3) technical training program to those interested in entering the Colorado solar industry.
Participants will be accepted into SEI’s Solar Professionals Certificate Program to work towards completing tracks of training and will be provided career counseling and employer networking opportunities during and after completion of the training program.
LEARN MORE. PRESS PLAY.
In 2015, there were 4,998 solar jobs in Colorado
Data from The Solar Foundation
The Solar Ready program provides the most comprehensive technical training in the solar industry with paths to graduation and earning the following SEI Professional Certificates:
Residential & Commercial Photovoltaic Systems Certificate
Battery-Based Photovoltaic Systems Certificate
Solar Business and Technical Sales Certificate
Renewable Energy Applications Certificate
Learn more about the many benefits of solar education & certification
Click to watch the informative videos below
Solar Pathways
There are many roads leading to a job in the solar industry. Learn about one of them, that of a Colorado veteran. Noel Wichman is just one of the 9.2% of workers today in the U.S. solar industry who are military veterans.
Solar Careers
Training & Certification
The benefits of photovoltaic training are easy to see. Learn about Laura Conchelos. She had a background in construction, completed solar installer training at SEI, and was quickly hired by a growing solar installation company.
Continuing Education
COLORADO SOLAR JOBS BY COUNTY
Data from The Solar Foundation
CAREERS IN SYSTEM DESIGN
All jobs data below is from the IREC Solar Career Map
MID LEVEL
IT SPECIALIST
MEDIAN PAY
$51,970/year
$24.99/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree
An associates degree in information technology provides basic preparation; certificate or experience in software programming, systems analysis, or app development adds value. Bachelors degree will open doors to additional jobs in IT.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
- Systems analysis
- Active listening
- Written and verbal communication
- Critical thinking
- Complex problem solving
- Customer service skills
- Experience with computers and electronics
- Operation monitoring
- Deductive reasoning
- Operations analysis
- Proficiency in specialized software
ENGINEERING TECHNICIAN
MEDIAN PAY
$52,465/year
$25.22/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Post-Secondary Credential
High school level trigonometry, geometry, and algebra are essential; Associates degree in engineering technology is strongly preferred. Education paths vary depending on type of engineering; technicians usually need a 4-year degree to advance as technologists or applied engineers.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Mathematics
Computer skills, including computer-aided design and drafting
Active listening
Critical thinking
Complex problem solving
Coordination
Active learning
Data monitoring and assessment
Able to work in a team and communicate clearly with supervisor
May require drivers license
RESIDENTIAL PV SYSTEM DESIGNER
MEDIAN PAY
$58,790/year
$28.26/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree or Journey-Level
Applied associates programs that combine green building and residential PV system design provide excellent entry. Other technical- and design-minded solar professionals can move into this area with supplemental training. To advance, a B.S. in Engineering Technology is recommended.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
High attention to detail
Proficiency in drafting and AutoCAD Software
Knowledge of construction techniques
Critical thinking and problem-solving
Customer services
Familiarity with codes and standards governing PV installation, including the National Electric Code
Ability to communicate effectively with both technical and non-technical individuals
A residential PV designer devises small-scale photovoltaic systems — grid-tied and stand-alone — for individual homes and related dwellings.
In a small firm, the system designer may also participate in site assessment and/or installation. After determining client needs and site characteristics, a residential PV designer completes all necessary calculations to size the solar energy system, select its components, incorporate appropriate storage, and establish all of the project’s electrical and mechanical specifications. The designer may then provide complete permit & construction-ready plan sets; work with code officials, distributors, and sub-contractors; communicate with building departments and other authorities to facilitate permit approvals; and participate in quality assurance, project evaluation, and performance assessment.
UTILITY INTERCONNECTION ENGINEER
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree
Utility interconnection engineers have at least an Associate’s degree and significant experience; they may promote from the skilled trades, particularly as electricians familiar with grid infrastructure, and advance into management. A B.S. in engineering is becoming the expected entry-level degree.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Attention to detail
Technology design
Computer skills
Management of people and projects
Mathematics
Multitasking
Operations analysis
Judgment and decision making
Complex problem solving
Knowledge of medium and high voltage design
Professional Engineer (PE) license may be required
A Utility Interconnection Engineer manages the interconnection of power generation equipment to the electric grid, a job that involves design, evaluation, and technical or material problem-solving.
As part of a clean energy economy, Utility Interconnection Engineers: Oversee various project stages from initial site selection to power generation, including resource planning, consultant management, and overall quality of design; Manage the interconnection application and agreement process; Direct the technical evaluation and due diligence for utility interconnection; Manage deliverables such as equipment specifications, concept design drawings, power flow analysis, site evaluations, interconnection budgets, single line and three-line diagrams.
ADVANCED
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER
MEDIAN PAY
$82,050/year
$39.45/hour
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree, Licensure
B.S. in engineering with experience in commercial construction and structural evaluation of buildings is preferred. Entry-level engineers are hired as junior team members and work under the close supervision of senior engineers. Professional Engineer (PE) license and RE credits may be required.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Mathematics
Operations analysis
Science
Technology design
Advanced computer skills
Management of personnel resources
Systems analysis
Quality control analysis
Operation monitoring
Programming
Maintain licenses
Keep up with rapidly changing technology
Design and/or analysis of structural support systems for solar projects; may supervise the construction of CSP plants, PV plants, and related structures.
As part of the clean energy economy, civil engineers in the solar industry: Conduct structural analyses for commercial and utility-scale PV power projects. Evaluate structural loads on solar array support structures and buildings resulting from wind, seismic and other sources. Prepare foundation designs for solar arrays and related equipment. Assist project managers by resolving technical issues relating to structural loading. Evaluate array support structures. Provide inspection and troubleshooting in the field Interface with civil works subcontractors and building authorities. Prepare calculations and drawings for permitting and approvals in accordance with IBC and other applicable building codes. Support sales and proposal activities.
POWER SYSTEMS ENGINEER
MEDIAN PAY
$91,410/year
$43.95/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Postgraduate Degree
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree, Licensure
Bachelor’s in electrical or power engineering, professional engineering license, and sometimes certification in specific systems required; MS often necessary for advancement. New engineers generally enter as a junior team member under supervision.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Operation Monitoring
Critical Thinking
Design
Mathematics and engineering
Proficiency with specialized computers programs and electronics
Quality Control Analysis
Judgment and Decision Making
Troubleshooting Complex Problem Solving
Power systems engineers are experts in the large-scale generation, transmission, and distribution of electric power. They provide the power system research, development and analysis required to integrate renewable technologies into the grid.
They may conceive, direct, or implement commercial and utility-scale solar power projects; evaluate the efficiency and safety of existing solar power systems; and collaborate with manufacturing engineers to test and document new equipment. Power engineers prepare and study technical drawings, specifications of electrical systems, and topographical maps for installation; Compute and establish manufacturing, construction, and installation specifications; Monitor installation, maintenance, support, documentation, and testing activities to ensure compliance with specifications; Plan and implement research methodology and procedures to apply principles of electrical theory to engineering projects.
SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS DESIGNER
$94,240/year
$45.31/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Postgraduate Degree, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree
Must possess at least a Bachelor’s degree in science or engineering. To lead large projects, a significant amount of experience in the solar industry and a Master’s degree may be preferred.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
System design
Mathematics and science
Proficiency in advanced computer design software
Managing people and projects
Equipment selection, sizing and configuring
Systems evaluation
Operation monitoring
Keen current understanding of evolving solar technology markets
Perform site-specific engineering analysis of commercial, industrial, or utility-scale solar projects. Design large photovoltaic or solar thermal systems.
As part of the clean energy economy, Solar Energy Systems Engineers: Design large-scale PV or solar thermal systems; Recommend engineering or manufacturing changes to achieve solar design objectives; Develop the specifications and integration requirements that allow solar power to safely, effectively and efficiently flow into the nation’s power grid; Create electrical three-line diagrams for solar power systems using computer-aided design software; Run computer simulations of solar PV generation to optimize efficiency and system performance; Provide technical direction or support to field teams during installation, start-up, testing, system commissioning, and performance monitoring
SOFTWARE ENGINEER
MEDIAN PAY
$99,195/year
$47.69/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Postgraduate Degree, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree
Software Engineers need a bachelor’s degree in computer science or a related field; training or certification in solar technologies enables them to target innovation to industry demand. An MBA opens the door to Chief Technology Officer at a solar finance or project development firm.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Knowledge of the principles of mathematics, engineering and design
Computer programming
Complex problem solving
Systems analysis
Operations analysis
Technology design
Critical and creative thinking
Active listening
Judgment and decision making
Software engineers design cutting edge digital tools — for PV system design and monitoring; clean energy investment, finance, and sales; field training, project permitting, and service logistics.
In a rapidly changing industry, software engineers dream up the digital platforms and programs that link solar investment, operations, sales, and customer service partners. Their jobs range from needs assessment to coding, testing, and deployment. They might develop game-based training to improve installation and inspection; financial software to aggregate investment, benchmark transactions, and manage loans; or online tools for service and fleet logistics. Simulation models for whole-building energy systems are critical to a clean energy future; software architects can design them. They can also develop systems and apps to monitor real-time energy production and consumption. Smart meters start with smart software.
CAREERS IN PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
ENTRY LEVEL
SOLAR SITE ASSESSOR
MEDIAN PAY
$60,050/year
$28.87/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Apprentice-Level or Post-Secondary Credential, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
1-3 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
High-School Diploma (or equivalent)
Solar site assessors should pursue industry-specific training and certification to improve skills in site assessment and report writing for residential solar electric, non residential solar electric, residential solar hot water, and non-residential solar hot water technologies.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Experience with Solmetric SunEye, SolarPathfinder and related programs
Proficiency in Microsoft Office
Electrical, thermal and roofing knowledge
Strong customer service skills
Detail oriented
Ability to explain solar economics
Energetic, self-starter comfortable in fast-paced environment
Driver’s license
Ability to lift and maneuver 32-foot folding ladder
Solar Assessors evaluate sites in-person or remotely to determine how much energy can be harvested at a given location, then make written and verbal system recommendations to potential customers.
Site Assessors conduct on-site or remote studies for residential and commercial solar projects, quickly creating and sharing detailed site drawings, reports and analysis. They generate leads, schedule assessments, and meet with customers; assess and document electrical systems and roof conditions; perform shade analysis and review weather patterns. They may determine the best type, size and layout of solar panels; calculate potential costs and savings; write recommendations in a formal report for customer; and facilitate customer execution of rebate and financing. In a larger firm, they communicate site details to the company’s solar designers and installation teams.
MID LEVEL
SOLAR MARKETING
SPECIALIST
MEDIAN PAY
$61,290/year
$29.47/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
1-3 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree
Should have at least two years of marketing experience, specific industry training, and a related Associate’s Degree. Five years of experience, certification, and a 4-year degree in business or marketing supports advancement into more senior analyst positions; an MBA opens the door to management.
Solar Marketing Specialists analyze the promotional potential of a solar company and create outreach programs and advertising tools to drive business expansion.
As part of the clean energy economy, marketing specialists in the solar industry: Evaluate the needs of the solar consumer market as they relate to a given product or set of products. Acquire knowledge about consumer demands and trends that are relevant to the marketing of solar energy goods and services. Efficiently gather data and utilize the information to create marketing campaigns to design advertising for solar energy markets as well as promotional plans with a general appeal. Develop branding or sales initiatives for solar energy products. Conduct research on consumer opinions and marketing strategies related to solar energy technologies. Develop communications materials, advertisements, presentations or public relations initiatives.
SOLAR SALES REPRESENTATIVE
MEDIAN PAY
$75,140/year
$36.13/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree
Increasingly requires bachelors degree. New employees receive product specific training; PV technical sales certification is a route to advancement. Depending on experience and education, Sales careers range from entry-level phone work to senior executives in charge of strategy and sales divisions.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Excellent oral and written communication skills
Mathematical and computer proficiency
Technical perspective
Analytical thought
Persuasiveness, Tactfulness
Negotiating skills
Patience; self-motivated and outgoing
Understanding of solar products and systems
Contact prospective customers to determine their solar energy and equipment needs. Evaluate and recommend systems, estimate cost benefits, provide written summaries, and follow-up with customers.
As part of the clean energy economy, Solar Sales Reps: Generate customer leads to develop new accounts; Prepare proposals, quotes, contracts or presentations for potential customers; Select solar energy products, systems or services for customers based on thermal or electric energy requirements, site conditions or price; Assess sites to determine suitability for solar equipment; Calculate potential solar array production for a site; Create customized energy management packages for customers Develop strategic plans for sales territories; Provide technical information to potential customers or dealers; Accept quote requests or orders from dealers or customers; and demonstrate use of solar-related equipment to customers or dealers.
BUILDING INSPECTOR WITH SOLAR EXPERTISE
MEDIAN PAY
$56,040/year
$26.94/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree, Licensure, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Post-Secondary Credential or Journey-Level
Inspectors usually have experience as in the skilled trades, and employers may look for an Associate’s in engineering. Many States require licensure or certification. Specific solar training is critical for quality inspections, even if only a small part of the job involves solar installations.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
General electrician, carpenter and/or plumbing skills
Thorough knowledge of safe building and construction practice
Current knowledge of solar installation standards and related codes
Basic math skills
Building inspectors examine solar-related structures using construction experience to determine structural soundness and compliance with specifications, building codes and other regulations.
As part of the clean energy economy, building inspectors: Inspect solar energy systems, buildings, wiring, plumbing, electrical circuits, foundations and any other solar power-related structure during and after construction for structural quality, general safety and conformance to specifications and codes. Approve and sign plans that meet required specifications. Review plans, blueprints, site layouts, specifications and construction methods to ensure compliance to legal requirements and safety regulations. Monitor installation of plumbing, wiring, equipment and appliances to ensure that installation is in compliance with regulations. Inspect and monitor construction sites to ensure adherence to standards, codes and specifications.
CODE OFFICIAL WITH SOLAR EXPERTISE
MEDIAN PAY
$56,130/year
$26.99/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree, Licensure, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Post-Secondary Credential
Code officials typically have at least some post-secondary training. A two or 4-year degree is preferred. Code Officials often need a license depending on the state and the field of expertise.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Mathematics and analytical skills
Attention to detail
Judgment and decision making
Complex problem solving
Interpreting information for others
Thorough knowledge of safe building and construction practice
Reading and reviewing structural blueprints
Keen eyesight
Visual color discrimination
Driver’s license
Code Officials examine plans for construction, alteration or repair of buildings and associated solar equipment systems to ensure compliance with building and safety codes and regulations.
As part of the clean energy economy, Code Officials may work in fire prevention, building science, or related fields. They review construction plans for solar-related structures and equipment; Issue permits for construction, relocation, demolition or occupancy; Inspect solar structures using practical experience to determine structural soundness and compliance with specifications, building codes, and other regulations; and perform supervisory work in the engineering or architectural analysis of structures and building equipment systems.
ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR WITH SOLAR EXPERTISE
MEDIAN PAY
$56,040/year
$26.94/hour
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Master-Level, Licensure, Certification
Electrical Inspectors usually have journey-level electrical construction training; licensing and certification requirements vary by state. Specific solar training is critical for quality inspections, even if only a small portion of the typical inspector’s job involves solar installations.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Advanced electrical theory and practice
Thorough understanding of IEEE Standards
Up-to-date knowledge of National Electric Code
Complex problem solving
Good judgment and decision making
Attention to detail
Basic math
Physical dexterity
Keen eye-sight including near vision
Visual color discrimination
Drivers License
Ideally a solar PV trained electrician, the Electrical Inspector examines electrical systems and equipment to confirm that they are safe, functional, and conform to code.
Electrical inspectors must have a very deep understanding of electric wiring and electric codes. Electrical inspectors examine the wiring of the solar PV system as well as whether the electrical system can handle the load which will be placed on it. Ultimately, they confirm that the PV system is code compliant and will work properly with the electrical system. Inspectors working for local jurisdictions with permitting authority are required to inspect PV systems to ensure they are safe and ready for use, or to make recommendations for changes which must be followed to get the system certified. These inspectors are concerned with public safety and upholding basic standards in construction.
ADVANCED
SOLAR UTILITY PROCUREMENT SPECIALIST
MEDIAN PAY
$83,535/year
$40.16/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Postgraduate Degree
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree
Bachelor’s degree with a strong background in math and writing required; prior experience with energy markets, renewable energy, energy distribution, and/or grid infrastructure preferred. To be competitive at entry or to advance, an MBA is recommended.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Excellent interpersonal skills
Advanced math and finance skills
Ability to establish and maintain strong professional relationships
Research
Negotiation
Written and verbal communication
Attention to detail
Contract drafting
Proficiency in specialized software
Knowledge of solar market trends
Develop contracts for solar energy delivery and tactics to negotiate favorable terms; Build strategic relationships with new and existing solar producers; Track related policy and energy markets;
As part of the clean energy economy, Solar Utility Procurement Specialists: Prepare purchase orders and RFQs; Determine if inventory is sufficient to meet needs; Respond to customer and supplier order inquiries; Review requisition orders in order to verify accuracy, terminology and specifications; Prepare, maintain and review purchasing and pricing reports; and track the status of requisitions, contracts, and orders. Support the utility’s renewable energy procurement leadership by analyzing energy portfolios to support procurement recommendations; assisting with solicitation and negotiation; and researching related economic and regulatory issues.
LAWYER WITH SOLAR EXPERTISE
MEDIAN PAY
$114,970/year
$55.27/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Postgraduate Degree
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Postgraduate Degree
Lawyers are required to earn a four-year college degree and a J.D. (3-years of law school), and to pass the written bar exam. Solar expertise may be gained on the job or through a certificate in environmental or energy law.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Critical thinking
Problem solving
Advanced judgment and decision making
Advanced negotiation and persuasion
Confidentiality
Knowledge of solar industry
Knowledge of contract, energy, environmental, or related law fields
Knowledge of pertinent regulatory policy
Represent clients in regulatory proceedings; draft legal documents and contracts; assist clients with project development and financing; and manage or advise clients on regulatory compliance matters.
As part of the clean energy economy, lawyers with expertise in solar energy: Represent clients in regulatory proceedings before numerous state and federal energy regulatory agencies; Advise clients on regulatory compliance requirements; and Provide counsel and guidance on legal issues essential to project development, including land use and control, project permitting, environmental review, contracting and negotiation of complex transactional documents, tax guidance, and project financing.
SOLAR PROJECT DEVELOPER
MEDIAN PAY
$105,060/year
$50.51/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Master-Level or Postgraduate Degree, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree
Solar Project Developers follow a variety of education pathways into their careers, but typically hold a bachelor’s degree in engineering, science, or finance, and often an MBA as well.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Networking, organizing, finance and people skills
Leadership and management
Advanced cost/benefit analysis skills
Using IT to streamline work processes
Flexibility and multitasking
Extensive negotiating skills
Combining the best sites and technologies to produce the most effective solar energy solutions for their clients, solar project developers provide a critical link between engineering, procurement, and construction.
As part of the clean energy economy, Solar Project Developers are responsible for all aspects of solar energy project development, including: Securing land rights, interconnection rights, building permits, and property tax agreements; working closely with engineering, finance and commercial teams when a project moves successfully to the ‘pre construction’ phase; and acting as lead project sponsor for the successful financing and construction of the project. Successful developers maintain current knowledge of emerging solar technologies as well as relevant energy market and policy developments.
CAREERS IN INSTALLATION & OPERATION
ENTRY LEVEL
SOLAR ASSEMBLER/ BASIC INSTALLER
MEDIAN PAY
$28,640/year
$13.77/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Post-Secondary Credential
WORK EXPERIENCE
1-3 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
High-School Diploma (or equivalent)
Entry-level installers typically have a high-school degree and construction experience; large firms offer in-house and on-the-job training. Advance beyond basic assembly and installation with a 2-year degree or electrical apprenticeship and solar certification.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Fundamentals of solar pv
Familiarity with basic practices and procedures in pv installation
Basic construction skills, mechanical and electrical
Basic Math skills
Ability to follow directions
Excellent communications
Ability to work at heights
Ability to climb ladders with heavy equipment
Visual color discrimination
Drivers license
May be required to pass a drug test
Entry-level installers assemble and mount photovoltaic systems on roofs or other structures in compliance with system design schematics
Basic PV installers with short-term training assemble solar modules, panels, or support structures; Identify methods for laying out, orienting, and mounting modules or arrays to ensure efficient installation; work in teams to install PV systems in accordance with codes and standards using drawings, schematics, and instructions; and apply weather sealing to array, building, or support mechanisms.
MID LEVEL
PLUMBER WITH SOLAR EXPERTISE
MEDIAN PAY
$50,660/year
$24.36/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree or Journey-Level, Certification, Licensure
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Apprentice-Level
Plumbers may receive training through supervised apprenticeships combining worksite and classroom instruction, and can be licensed after 2-5 years experience and passage of exam. They can also earn a 2-year degree in plumbing/HVAC. To enter into solar, plumbers need specialized training.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Knowledge of best practices in solar thermal installation
Operation monitoring
Systems and quality control analysis
Troubleshooting;
Equipment selection,maintenance, and installation
Instructing end-users on system functions
Metal working;
Physical Strength and Dexterity
Work at heights and outdoors;
Work in cramped positions
Drivers license
May be required to pass a drug test
Install or repair tanks, piping, and other components of solar thermal systems. Pull permits and ensure that work complies with plumbing and building codes. May sell related equipment and systems.
As solar professionals, plumbers install and maintain renewable energy systems designed to run solar-powered hot water for homes and businesses. These systems are used in swimming pools, hot water heaters, and a variety of residential and commercial heating and cooling applications. Plumbers with Solar Expertise are critical to solar thermal installation, operations, and maintenance. They study building plans and inspect structures to assess material and equipment needs for the collection, storage, and circulation of solar hot water; install copper or plastic pipes and fittings and tanks; test the functionality and performance of mechanical, plumbing, and control systems; Inspect and repair solar-thermal equipment.
SOLAR CREW CHIEF
MEDIAN PAY
$40,645/year
$19.54/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Post-Secondary Credential
WORK EXPERIENCE
1-3 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
High-School Diploma (or equivalent)
Crew chiefs do not typically advance through formal education; they learn on the job and move up as experienced installers who demonstrate leadership and teamwork. Additional training in quality assurance and safety would be useful, particularly when pursued as part of an entry-level PV certificate.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Fundamentals of solar pv
Familiarity with basic practices and procedures in pv installation
Basic construction skills, mechanical and electrical
Active listening
Excellent communications
Ability to work at heights
Visual color discrimination
Drivers license
May be required to pass a drug test
Supervise teams of basic PV installers at a worksite. Motivate and coordinate, keeping crews focused and on schedule; verifying safety procedures and equipment, and providing quality assurance.
The solar crew chief is an onsite supervisor who leads small teams of installers and helpers, and typically reports to a project manager or superintendent. Working alongside other team members, the chief reads specifications to determine work requirements, establishes the order of operations, checks tools, tracks installation progress, monitors safety, and inspects and documents work. The crew leader must communicate clearly with supervisors, peers and subordinates.
ELECTRICIAN WITH SOLAR EXPERTISE
MEDIAN PAY
$47,180/year
$21.98/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Journey-Level, Licensure, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Apprentice-Level or Post-Secondary Credential
Electricians can train through registered apprenticeships that combine worksite and classroom instruction. Advancing to Journey-Level requires 3-5 years of experience and an exam; solar expertise requires further experience and training. Master electricians need 7 years experience or B.S. and exam.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Troubleshooting, repair and maintenance of specific PV equipment
Judgment and decision making
Operation monitoring
Quality control analysis
Management of personnel and resources
Mathematics
Physical dexterity
Visual color discrimination
Driver’s license
May be required to pass a drug test
Install, maintain and repair electrical wiring, equipment and fixtures for PV systems. Ensure that work complies with electrical and building codes.
Electricians with Solar Expertise hold a wide variety of jobs depending on whether they work in residential, commercial or sectors, and whether they work for a small or large contractor. Tasks may include: Connect solar panels and inverters and other high-voltage equipment to the building’s power supply; Repair or replace PV-related wiring, equipment and fixtures; Assemble, install, test and maintain PV-related electrical/electronic wiring, equipment, appliances, apparatus and fixtures; Test PV electrical systems and continuity of circuits in electrical wiring to ensure compatibility and safety; and plan layout and installation of PV-related electrical wiring, equipment and fixtures, based on job specifications and local codes.
HVAC TECHNICIAN WITH SOLAR EXPERTISE
MEDIAN PAY
$44,630/year
$21.46/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree or Journey-Level, Certification, Licensure
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Apprentice-Level or Post-Secondary Credential
Earn a 2-year HVAC degree and have 4 years of experience or participate in a registered apprenticeship program, which combines paid on-the-job training with classroom education. Solar-related instruction is available in both programs. Some states require HVAC technicians to be licensed.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Installation
Troubleshooting and Repairing
Equipment
Operation Monitoring
Systems Analysis
Physical Dexterity
Near vision
Customer skills
Ability to work outdoors in often extreme conditions
Ability to lift heavy equipment
Driver’s license
May be required to pass drug test
HVAC Technicians install, service, and repair commercial solar thermal systems. They also manage whole-building systems, which is key to the future of residential solar energy.
Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Technicians have long played a key role in solar by inspecting and repairing solar thermal equipment; installing and adjusting thermostat, humidistat and timers of solar thermal systems; and testing solar thermal system pipe or tubing joints for leaks. What may be even more significant is that HVAC techs are critical managers of whole-building systems — systems in which both solar thermal and solar PV can play a major part. Their skills in electronic monitoring and systems control aligns with residential and commercial solar performance management HVAC techs are managing integrated data acquisition for residential building envelopes, and controlling home energy systems through electronic instrumentation, they play a key role in the solar future.
SOLAR PROJECT MANAGER
MEDIAN PAY
$60,990/year
$29.32/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree or Master-Level, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Post-Secondary Credential or Journey-Level
Solar project management is learned in the field and enhanced in the classroom. Installation managers do not need advanced degrees, but do need significant field experience. Candidates will benefit from additional training in systems design and construction management, combined with solar certification.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Deep understanding of solar energy systems
Personnel and resource management
Active listening
Coordination, time management, and multi-tasking
Complex Problem Solving
Budgeting and Planning
Troubleshooting
Communicating with subordinates and customers
Judgment and decision making
Operation monitoring and quality control analysis
Software proficiency
Familiarity with construction tools and technology
Coordinates all of the workers and materials involved in a solar installation, managing time and budgets, and translating between engineers, system designers, and installers in the field.
A solar project manager maximizes efficiency in the implementation of detailed project plans, keeping track of goals, tasks, resources, schedules, costs, and contingencies. They are responsible for the quality of work, and for keeping a project on time and on budget. Solar installation managers identify opportunities to reduce costs and minimize risk; develop systems to manage safety and quality assurance on site; coordinate installers, technicians, vendors, and subcontractors; and monitor their work to ensure compliance with specifications, schedules, and budgets. They may also provide technical assistance to contractors, and report on progress to owners, project developers, and financial partners.
SOLAR SERVICE TECHNICIAN
MEDIAN PAY
$53,070/year
$25.51/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree or Journey-Level, Certification, Licensure
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Apprentice-Level or Post-Secondary Credential
Solar field service is typically delivered by Journey-level electricians or technicians with a strong foundation in electrical theory and practice, photovoltaic systems, and performance monitoring.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Operation monitoring;
Troubleshooting
Complex problem solving
Customer service
Mechanical and electrical construction experience
Excellent verbal and written communication skills
Ability to work at heights
Clean driver’s license and reliable transportation;
May be required to take a drug test
Residential Service Technicians are quality assurance professionals who monitor, diagnose, optimize and repair underperforming PV systems.
Often dispatched by large firms to address issues detected through remote performance monitoring, residential PV technicians drive to multiple sites to inspect, evaluate, test, clean, calibrate, and maintain solar module systems, mounting hardware, inverters, and related equipment. The work may entail electrical troubleshooting, inverter diagnostics and repair, network integration and optimization, and commissioning. But service techs interact with people as well as systems. Customer communication is paramount, particularly in a rapidly evolving field where third-party owners are demanding timely service for systems located on sites they neither own nor control.
SOLAR PV INSTALLER
MEDIAN PAY
$40,020/year
$19.24/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree or Master-Level, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree or Journey-Level, Licensure
PV Installation Professionals are highly skilled solar installers with backgrounds in site assessment, system design, installation and operations. Most have engineering, skilled trades, and/or electrical training.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
In-depth knowledge of electrical wiring and National Electric Code;
Familiarity with evolving solar technologies
Mathematics and engineering skills
Quality control analysis
Physical dexterity
Ability to work with power and hand tools at great heights;
Visual color discrimination
Drivers license
May be required to pass a drug test
PV Installers are the solid core of the solar industry: They set up and maintain the sophisticated equipment and wiring that connects a solar energy system to the electrical grid.
Residential or small commercial installation professionals may design and prepare the system layout based on specific site characteristics; obtain permits; measure, cut, assemble, and bolt structural framing and solar modules, safely attaching panels to roofs or ground mounts; wire and connect the system to an inverter; inspect installed equipment, structures, or materials to determine code and safety compliance; and, finally, commission the system, ensuring that it meets basic performance estimates. The size of the company will determine how specialized any given job is within that broad technical installation sequence.
ROOFER WITH SOLAR EXPERTISE
MEDIAN PAY
$35,760/year
$17.19/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Journey-Level, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Apprentice-Level
Roofers are typically trained on the job, and may undergo a 3-year apprenticeship, but it is not required. Most solar companies hire a roofer and train them to work with solar panels or hire a solar electrician and train them to install roofs.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Carpentry skills
Installation and repair
Mechanical drawing
Balance
Physical dexterity
Ability to work at heights
Ability to be in heat or cold for long periods of time
Basic math skills
Structural engineering concepts;
General electrical or plumbing a plus
Driver’s license
Ability to work at heights
Use best practices in roofing to install racking systems, mount photovoltaic panels or thermal collectors; and waterproof the flashing around installed components.
As part of the clean energy economy, Roofers working with solar install, inspect, and repair roofs so that they can support a solar array; ensure that any cuts or holes made in the roof during the installation of solar panels and mounting racks are properly repaired and sealed; install mounting systems and structural supports for rooftop solar energy systems.
SOLAR PV TECHNICIAN
MEDIAN PAY
$61,580/year
$29.61/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Master-Level, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
3-5 years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Journey-Level, Licensure
In some cases, PV techs must be credentialed Journeyman Electricians or Journey Power Plant Electricians. To advance, certification is encouraged, as well as training in instrumentation, controls, and performance engineering.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Critical thinking
Complex problem solving
Diagnostic and analytic skills
Facility with instrumentation and controls
Understanding of electrical systems
Quality Assurance
Mechanical and electrical construction experience
Excellent verbal and written communication skills
Troubleshooting
Clean driver’s license and reliable transportation
Near vision
Operation and maintenance (O&M) of large-scale photovoltaic systems involves highly technical performance monitoring with sophisticated instrumentation and controls.
Solar PV Technicians work on large commercial or utility scale photovoltaic systems. They inspect, evaluate, test, clean, calibrate, and maintain solar module systems, mounting hardware, combiner fuse boxes, inverters, switchgear, circuit breakers, transformers, batteries, data acquisition systems, relays, programmable logic controllers, revenue meters, weather stations, fuel cell equipment, and other AC and DC equipment. As systems increase in size and complexity, the job may entail more operations than maintenance, including sophisticated technical monitoring, control, and performance engineering. O&M techs frequently interact with professional contract personnel on site, and routinely travel between facilities.
ADVANCED
SOLAR FLEET MANAGER
MEDIAN PAY
$85,400/year
$41.06/hour
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree
Fleet managers may come up through the trades or academic pathways in business and logistics. Ideal preparation combines a degree in business with solid field experience in solar energy operations. Certification adds value by demonstrating knowledge of industry best practice.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Technical understanding of residential or commercial solar energy systems
Broad understanding of residential or commercial solar industry
Active listening
Complex Problem Solving
Critical Thinking
Judgment and decision making
Coordination of people and resources
Strong organizational and multi-tasking skills
Experience in vendor management programs
Experience overseeing logistics services
Strong written and oral communication skills
Identify, cultivate, and manage third-party vendors to service residential or commercial solar installations. Interact with multiple business interests to ensure service level agreements are met. Oversee logistics coordination for existing and new solar installation equipment.
Fleet managers may be the solar operations expert in a clean energy finance company or the logistics guru in a large vertically-integrated solar firm. They manage the system monitoring, performance evaluation, and service technician teams that guarantee the quality operation of residential or commercial solar energy systems. They develop strategies and implement processes to ensure service levels are maintained, addressing quality of both technical services and customer relations. Fleet managers may coordinate the remote monitoring of installed solar systems, and enforce a financially significant decision-making structure for dispatching O&M technicians.
SOLAR INSTALLATION CONTRACTOR
MEDIAN PAY
$85,630/year
$41.17/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree or Master-Level, Certification
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Journey-Level, Licensure
Must possess approved state or local license. Requirements vary by jurisdiction. Many contractors come out of the trades and run family businesses. Some have degrees in business or engineering. Training in construction management paired with solar certification is ideal.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Personnel and resource management
Complex Problem Solving
Coordination and Multitasking
Budgeting and Planning
Troubleshooting
Communicating with subordinates and customers
Judgment and decision making
Operation monitoring and quality control analysis
Math and computer skills
Visual color discrimination
Ability to work at heights
Generally licensed in a trade, a contractor plans and directs solar installation projects – submitting bids, pulling permits, and managing material, labor and equipment.
Solar Installation Contractors prepare bids to compete for construction projects; organize and hire work crews and subcontractors; prepare project budgets and track costs; establish schedules and manage deadlines; inspect and review ongoing projects to ensure code compliance, quality assurance, and safety; and may test and commission completed systems. The scope of work varies depending on the size of the company (some contractors run their own small businesses; others manage projects at large firms) and the sector served (residential, commercial, or utility). Contractors may specialize in solar thermal or photovoltaic installation; large- or small-scale systems.
SOLAR INSTRUCTOR
MEDIAN PAY
$48,360/year
$23.25/hour
PREFERRED EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Bachelor’s Degree or Master-Level, Certification, Licensure
WORK EXPERIENCE
5+ years
EDUCATION & TRAINING LEVEL
Associate’s Degree or Journey-Level
Solar instructors are associate- or journey-level solar professionals, often licensed electricians with technical trades training or engineering degrees. Some institutions may require a bachelor’s degree. Coursework or a credential in education adds tremendous value, as does certification.
SKILLS & REQUIREMENTS
Expertise in solar energy systems
Proficiency in industry standards
Knowledge of National Electric Code
Instructional Design
Teaching Speaking
Active Listening
Familiarity with best practices in adult education
Current knowledge of safety equipment and practices
Solar instructors transmit the industry’s fundamental principles and best practices — in science, technology, craft, and safety — to students at every level. They are experts, teachers, visionaries.
Committed to advancing clean energy, these instructors are the people who teach the rest of us how to do solar: they educate stakeholders across the economy. Some instructors already teach in a related field at a 2- or 4-year college, integrating solar specific instruction into a broader class or program (architecture, say, or HVAC/R or electrical engineering or construction management). Others teach dedicated solar courses or programs at industry-specific training centers run by unions or community groups or non-profit clean energy organizations. Solar instructors may develop curriculum and design courses; their primary mission, however, is to teach, assess, mentor, and advise students.
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